LUKE CHAPTER
24.
VIEW
FOOTNOTES
The
Resurrection of Christ. Luke 24,
1-12.
The
women at the grave: V. 1. Now upon the first day of the week, very
early in
the morning, they came unto the sepulcher, bringing the spices which
they had
prepared, and certain others with them. V. 2. And they found the stone
rolled
away from the sepulcher. V. 3. And they entered in, and found not the
body of
the Lord Jesus. V. 4. And it came to pass, as they were much perplexed
thereabout, behold, two men stood by them in shining garments; V. 5.
and as they
were afraid, and bowed down their faces to the earth, they said unto
them, Why
seek ye the living among the dead? V. 6. He is not here, but is risen;
remember
how He spake unto you when He was yet in Galilee, V. 7. saying, The Son
of Man
must be delivered into the hands of sinful men, and be crucified, and
the third
day rise again. Cp. Matt. 28, 1-10; Mark 16, 1-8. On the first day
of the
week according to Christian reckoning, which Luke employs on account of
his
readers, very early in the morning, literally at deep dawn, when the
dawn was
just giving way to the brightness of the morning, at just about the
time of
sunrise, the women that were mentioned in the last chapter were on
their way to
the sepulcher. They brought the spices and ointments which they had
prepared
before and after the Jewish Sabbath, for their purpose was to anoint
the body of
Jesus. But in the mean time wonderful things had happened at the
sepulcher. A
great earthquake had shaken the garden and the surrounding country; an
angel of
the Lord had come down from heaven; he had rolled away the stone from
the
doorway tomb, where it fitted securely into a groove, and had sat down
upon it.
The women, therefore, who had been apprehensive about the stone, since
they were
unable to move it, could enter into the tomb. But as they did so, thy
did not
find the body of the Lord Jesus. The empty grave had been a surprise,
the
absence of the Lord's body was a greater surprise. At the time of His
burial
they had noted expressly in just what way He had been laid into the
tomb, and
now He was not there. But while they were standing there in doubt and
hesitation, all dazed by the unexpected turn of events, suddenly two
men in
shining, lightning-white raiment, two angels, came upon them, appeared
to them.
Stricken with overpowering fear in the presence of these beings from
the realms
of glory, they, the poor sinful human beings, could not lift up their
eyes to
look upon that glory, but bowed their faces to the ground. But the
angels had a
reassuring, a cheering message for them, destined to take away all fear
out of
their hearts. A wonderful Easter-message it is: Why seek ye the Living
One among
the dead? Jesus is the Living One; He is the source and incarnation of
all life, John 1, 4. And therefore this Jesus of Nazareth, who had been
crucified, had arisen from the dead. He was put to death in the flesh,
but
quickened on the third day by the Spirit; He had entered also according
to His
body into a new, spiritual, divine life. Then He had gone and preached
to the
spirits in prison, He had shown Himself to the devil and all his
angels, and
also to the souls of the damned as the Conqueror of death and hell, 1
Pet. 1,
18. 19. That was the beginning of His exaltation. Now we know with the
certainty
of faith grounded in the Word of eternal truth that Christ, our
Champion, has
destroyed the power of hell and has taken away the might of the devil.
He was no
longer in the tomb; He had risen. And the angels remind the women how,
in what
words, Jesus had spoken to the disciples, probably in the presence of
these
women, that it was necessary for the Son of Man, that the obligation
rested upon
Him, according to the purpose of His incarnation, to be delivered into
the hands
of sinful men and to be crucified, but that He had also given them the
glorious
promise that He would arise on the third day. All these express
prophecies,
which at the time had not entered into their consciousness and
understanding,
had been fulfilled before their eyes. All this was irrefutable evidence
for the
resurrection of the Master.
Belief
of the women, unbelief of the apostles: V. 8. And they remembered
His words,
V. 9. and returned from the sepulcher, and told all these things unto
the Eleven
and to all the rest. V. 10. It was Mary Magdalene, and Joanna, and
Mary, the
mother of James, and other women that were with them, which told these
things
unto the apostles. V. 11. And their words seemed to them as idle tales,
and they
believed them not. V. 12. Then arose Peter, and ran unto the sepulcher;
and
stooping down, he beheld the linen clothes laid by themselves, and
departed,
wondering in himself at that which was come to pass. As the angels
delivered
their message, the women recalled the saying of Jesus perfectly. And
there was
no longer doubt in their minds, nor any uncertainty, but joyful trust
and belief
in the resurrection of their Lord. Christ was risen from the dead; God
had
raised His Child Jesus. The Master of life had taken His life out of
death. He
had reared up the temple of His body, which the Jews had destroyed, in
three
days. And thus He has been declared to be the Son of God with power, by
the
resurrection from the dead, Rom. 1, 4. And therefore He has also been
proved to
be the Savior of the world. He has torn asunder the fetters of death,
He has
destroyed the power of death. There is no need for the believers to
fear death,
for they may gladly say: Grave, where is thy victory? Death, where is
thy sting?
1 Cor. 15, 55. 57. Death has been conquered, and the sting of death,
sin, has
been taken away, 1 Cor. 15, 18. 20. Christ was delivered for our
offenses, and
raised again for our justification, Rom. 4, 25. All these gifts
belonged to the
believing women by faith on that first great Easter morning. But this
same faith
caused them to turn back from the grave, to return to the city, not all
together, but in different groups, and to bring the message of all
these
wonderful things to the eleven apostles first of all, but also
to the
other disciples. There had been a considerable number of women at the
grave, not
only the three Marys, Mark 16, 1, but also Joanna, chap. 8, 3, and
others. And
they all, although at first almost stunned by the joyful news,
proclaimed it to
the followers of the Master. But on that morning the apostles were
still too
deep in the misery of their disappointment and in their grief at the
death of
Jesus. The words of the women seemed to them as idle tales, as nonsense
and
superstitious gossip, as foolish talk, which must not be taken
seriously. Only
Peter (and John, John 20, 3) determined to see for himself just what
the meaning
of all this talk was. He arose and ran with all speed to the tomb.
There he bent
his body forward, without entering into the sepulcher, and saw the
linen
grave-clothes carefully laid away by themselves. The evidence was all
against
grave-robbery and the application of force. The situation was such as
to set
Peter thinking seriously and to wonder about what had really happened
as he
slowly returned to the city. The speech of the women and the evidence
of the
tomb spoke strongly in favor of the resurrection, but he was not quite
ready yet
to believe. Note: The resurrection of Jesus is the basis of the
Christian's hope
and faith, but it is very hard for the Christian to put his trust in
this
glorious truth at all times. It means simple, childlike reliance upon
the Word
of God under all circumstances, and that is a gift of God, for which we
must
daily plead in importunate prayer.
The
Emmaus Disciples. Luke 24,
13-35.
The
walk to Emmaus: V. 13. And, behold, two of them went that same day
to a
village called Emmaus, which was from Jerusalem about threescore
furlongs. V.
14. And they talked together of all these things which had happened. V.
15. And
it came to pass that, while they communed together and reasoned, Jesus
Himself
drew near and went with them. V. 16. But their eyes were holden that
they should
not know Him. “Two of them,” not of the apostles, but of the larger
body
of the disciples. Most commentators agree in stating that Luke himself
was one
of the two men, and that he here tells his own experience in such
graphic
detail. Emmaus was a village lying to the northwest of Jerusalem, now
generally
identified with Kalonieh. sixty stadia from Jerusalem, each stadium
being six
hundred feet in length, and the total distance being between six and
seven
miles. The two men were conversing together on all the things which had
taken
place in Jerusalem in the last few days, on all the happenings that had
transpired there. The discussion at times waxed lively, being carried
on almost
with some heat. It may be that one was skeptical about the reported
resurrection, while the other was strongly inclined to believe. And
while they
were thus traveling along, all oblivious to their surroundings, a third
wanderer
joined them, Jesus Himself having chosen to walk with them. But their
eyes were
restrained, were held from recognizing their Master, in order that they
might
not know Him for the time being. Jesus had His own reasons for dealing
with them
thus; He wanted to give them a lesson in believing the Word. “And
behold, with
what great diligence He shows His interest in these two men of weak
faith and
does everything to help their weakness and to strengthen their faith!
Since He
sees and knows that they, in their affliction and grief, have gone away
from the
apostles and know neither what to think or what to hope for, He does
not want to
leave them in such doubt and disturbance, but comes to help them out
and becomes
their partner on the way; He even lets the other apostles sit all
alone,
although they also were in deep grief and weak enough in their faith.”
103)
The
conversation: V. 17. And He said unto them, What manner of
communications are
these that ye have one to another as ye walk, and are sad? V. 18. And
the one of
them, whose name was Cleopas, answering, said unto Him, Art Thou only a
stranger
in Jerusalem, and hast not known the things which are come to pass
there in
these days? V. 19. And He said unto them, What things? And they said
unto Him,
Concerning Jesus of Nazareth, which was a Prophet mighty in deed and
word before
God and all the people; V. 20. and how the chief priests and our rulers
delivered Him to be condemned to death, and have crucified Him. V. 21.
But we
trusted that it had been He which should have redeemed Israel; and
beside all
this, today is the third day since these things were done. V. 22. Yea,
and
certain women also of our company made us astonished, which were early
at the
sepulcher; V. 23. and when they found not His body, they came, saying,
that they
had also seen a vision of angels, which said that He was alive. V. 24.
And
certain of them which were with us went to the sepulcher, and found it
even so
as the women had said; but Him they saw not. The two disciples saw
in Jesus
only a companion by the way, and His entire manner tended to confirm
this idea.
He inquired of them, after the manner of a casual acquaintance, as to
the
matters concerning which they were exchanging ideas as they were
walking along,
about which they were so excited. What He already knows He wishes to
hear from
their own mouths, and His tone is one of genuine, sympathetic interest.
The two
men were deeply touched by the stranger's kindly interest. They stood
still to
face the newcomer, and their faces registered the deep grief which was
filling
their hearts. As they thereupon resumed their journey, with Jesus in
their
company, one of the two, whose name was Cleopas, took it upon himself
to explain
to the stranger the questions which were agitating their minds. His
first words
express his great surprise that here was a pilgrim, probably the only
one in
that class, that did not know what had happened in Jerusalem during the
last
days. And when Jesus, to draw them out still further, interjected a
surprised
“What things?” both of the men eagerly explained to Him the cause of
all
their anxious conversation. The entire speech is true to life, as if
people
speaking under the stress of great excitement. They refer to important
points,
but do not explain them; they mix up their own hopes and fears into the
narration; and the entire presentation savored of the confusion which
was then
prevailing in both their hearts. The facts concerning Jesus of Nazareth
were
making them feel so sad. For that Man had become in their midst a
Prophet mighty
in both word and deed, irresistibly eloquent in His preaching and
incontrovertible in His miracles. Both before God and before all the
people this
testimony must stand. This Man the high priests and the rulers of the
people had
delivered to the sentence of a shameful death on the cross. He was
dead; so much
was certain. And here the dam of restraint almost gave way. They, the
disciples,
with the apostles in the lead, had cherished the fond hope, the eager
expectation, that He would be the one to bring salvation to Israel,
that He
would deliver His people, the children of Israel, from the bondage of
the
Romans, and establish a temporal kingdom in Jerusalem. But now, in
addition to
all their shattered hopes, there is the further hard fact that this is
the third
day since His death. And there was another disquieting fact. Certain
women from
the circle of the disciples had greatly disturbed them all, had filled
them with
anxiety and fear, for they had been at His tomb at the break of day,
and, not
finding His body, they had come to the city with the news that they had
seen a
vision of angels, who told them that Jesus was living. Several men out
of their
midst had then gone out to verify the news, if possible, and they had
found
things just as the women had said; but Him, their Lord, they had not
found. It
was a sad tale of woe which the two men, with Cleopas taking the lead
in the
conversation, poured out into the sympathetic ears of the Savior. It
showed how
pitifully weak their faith still was in many respects, that their minds
were
even now filled with the Jewish dreams of an earthly Messiah, and that
the many
intimate talks, the long discourses of Jesus, had not had the proper
effect. And
the experience of these two disciples is repeated over and over again
in our
days. We Christians indeed believe in Jesus Christ, our Lord and
Savior. But
this our faith and hope is often subject to vacillations and
uncertainties.
Hours of weakness, of trouble and tribulation will come, when all the
things
which we have learned from Scripture seem no more than a pious dream.
Then it
seems to us as though Jesus were dead, as though we had lost Him and
His
salvation out of our hearts.
Jesus,
the kind Instructor: V. 25. Then He said unto them, O fools, and
slow of
heart to believe all that the prophets have spoken! V. 26. Ought not
Christ to
have suffered these things, and to enter into His glory? V. 27. And
beginning at
Moses and all the prophets, He expounded unto them in all the
Scriptures the
things concerning Himself. V. 28. And they drew nigh unto the village
whither
they went; and He made as though He would have gone further. V. 29. But
they
constrained Him, saying, Abide with us; for it is toward evening, and
the day is
far spent. And He went in to tarry with them. V. 30. And it came to
pass, as He
sat at meat with them, He took bread, and blessed it, and brake, and
gave to
them. V. 31. And their eyes were opened, and they knew Him; and He
vanished out
of their sight. The two, Emmaus pilgrims had opened their hearts to
the
Lord, for out of the fulness of the heart the mouth speaketh. It was
such a full
and free confession as they would not have thought of making in
ninety-nine
cases out of a hundred. But the kind sympathy of this stranger invited,
almost
compelled, confidences, and so they had opened to Him their whole
heart. The
first words of the Lord in commenting upon the information He had
received were
a firm reproof, not unmixed with gentleness. Foolish men He calls them
and slow
of heart to trust and believe in all things that the prophets had
spoken. They
had not properly attended to the description of the Messiah as given by
the
prophets, and they had not looked upon His own teaching and miracles
with
enlightened eyes. It was a necessity for Christ, for the Master in
whose company
they had been all these long months; it was an obligation resting upon
Him which
He could not evade. First the Passion, then the glory; through cross to
crown.
At all times there is much sin, foolishness, lack of faith mixed with
the
weakness and grief of the believers. And this must be pointed out
without
hesitation. For that will open the way to a better understanding,
in this case. The Lord deliberately began with the books of
Moses and
then continued through the books of the prophets; He interpreted to
these two
disciples the passages concerning His person and work, He compared
prophecy and
fulfilment; He pointed out the meaning of passages which to them had
been hidden
treasure-chests; He took His time to explain every word thoroughly, in
order
that their eyes might finally be opened. It was a long discourse, and
from the
mouth of the greatest Teacher of all times. Would that we had its exact
contents
today! But probably it has purposely not been preserved, in order that
we may
search the Scriptures of the Old Testament all the more diligently.
Meanwhile,
the two or two and one-half hours needed for a slow journey to Emmaus
had
brought them to the village, and Jesus purposely assumed the air of one
that
intended to go farther. He wanted to see whether His explanation of the
Scripture and its application had made such an impression upon them
that they
would want to remain in His company. Happy they that have Christ with
them thus!
His plan succeeded beautifully, for both of the disciples urged Him
with earnest
pleading: Abide, remain with us, for it is toward evening, and the day
is
drawing to a close. Their real reason was, of course, that their hearts
had been
so touched and overwhelmed with the beauty and power of His explanation
that
they wanted to hear more of this charming and edifying conversation.
Note: This
is ever the effect of the doctrine of the Gospel: wherever it is felt,
its
Author, the everblessed Jesus, is earnestly entreated to dwell in the
heart. And
so Jesus went in to tarry, to remain, with them for the evening meal,
at least.
But when He reclined at the table with them, He thought the time
fitting to
reveal Himself to them. Accordingly, He took the bread, gave thanks
over it,
broke it, and gave it to them. At this act their eyes were opened, and
they
recognized Him. This stranger was no one else than their Friend and
Master, the
same who had so often, in His capacity as the Head of the little band,
performed
this customary work. But in the same moment when their faces lighted up
in
joyful recognition, Jesus became invisible before them, He vanished out
of their
sight; He departed from them in that invisible manner. Though He was
still their
Master and Friend, they could no longer enjoy His intimate company as
in the
days before His suffering. They should no longer be bound by His
visible
presence, but learn to place their trust in the word of His Gospel
which He has
left for all men.
Mutual
expressions of joy: V. 32. And they said one to another, Did not
our heart
burn within us while He talked with us by the way, and while He opened
to us the
Scriptures? V. 33. And they rose up the same hour, and returned to
Jerusalem,
and found the Eleven gathered together, and them that were with them,
V. 34.
saying, The Lord is risen indeed, and hath appeared to Simon. V. 35.
And they
told what things were done in the way, and how He was known of them in
breaking
of bread. The vanishing of Christ did not fill the hearts of these
two men
with new sorrow and fear. They had the blessed remembrance of the words
of Jesus
which He had spoken to them on the way. Full of eager happiness they
exchanged
confidences on their experience. It is an expressive word: their hearts
had been
burning within them. “Their heart began to burn while the Stranger
expounded
Scripture, and kept burning, and burning up into ever clearer flame, as
He went
on.” In His discourse on the way the Lord had thoroughly opened to them
the
Scriptures. They nowv realized that the prophecies of old had been to
them a
sealed and hidden book. But now it had been opened to them, now they
comprehended some of its wonderful treasures and beauties. This is
always the
effect of the words of Christ. When we are sad and weak, when we are
longing for
consolation and thereupon hear the Word of the Lord with all eagerness,
then our
heart will be warmed with the comfort of the salvation and the
forgiveness of
sns, and our faith, which was at the point of extinction, is once more
enlivened
to the brightness of a rich flame. For the risen Christ is in and with
His Word.
It is the living Christ who impresses the Word of the Gospel into our
hearts and
seals the comfort of the atonement through the blood of Christ in our
hearts.
The joy of these men did not permit them to rest at Emmaus. Though it
must have
been after six o'clock then, they arose from their meal at once; they
hurried
back to Jerusalem; they felt constrained to bring the good news to the
others.
And for the moment they found everybody happy. The apostles and
disciples were
all gathered together into one place, and they were met with the
information
that the Lord had risen indeed and had appeared to Simon. Some time in
the
course of the day Jesus had met Peter, probably to reassure the deeply
penitent
apostle of His forgiveness. But the two disciples from Emmaus were not
sorry
that some one had forestalled them in bringing the happy news. For this
would
prove a welcome confirmation of their own experience, and the others
would be
only too glad to hear their story and thus to receive further
assurance. It was
unfortunate that the old doubts soon returned into the hearts of most
of the
disciples, as Mark is obliged to state. Christians must not depend too
strongly
upon moments of exaltation in their spiritual life. We cannot always be
on the
mountain peaks in our Christian experience, but must now and then
descend into
the valleys. But His Word is with us even in the valley of the shadow
of death.
The
Last Appearances of Christ. Luke 24,
36-53.
Easter
evening: V. 36. And as they thus spake, Jesus Himself stood in the
midst of
them and saith unto them, Peace be unto you! V. 37. But they were
terrified and
affrighted, and supposed that they had seen a spirit. V. 38. And He
said unto
them, Why are ye troubled, and why do thoughts arise in your hearts? V.
39.
Behold My hands and My feet, that it is I Myself; handle Me and see;
for a
spirit hath not flesh and bones, as ye see Me have. V. 40. And when He
had thus
spoken, He showed them His hands and His feet. While the Emmaus
disciples
were still recounting the happenings of the afternoon, Jesus Himself
suddenly
stood in the midst of the assembly, His appearance here being as
unexpected as
His departure from Emmaus had been a few hours before. He greeted them
with the
greeting of peace, which should have reassured them at once. His
resurrection,
as it had been announced through a number of witnesses in the course of
the day,
was a fact. He was now standing before the eyes of His disciples, alive
and
well. True, there was a difference. His body now partook of the nature
of a
spirit. With it He had passed through the sealed tomb and through the
locked
doors. It was no longer subject to the natural laws governing time and
place.
And He brought them the wonderful gift of peace, peace in the highest
and best
sense of the term. He has made peace through the blood of His cross,
Col. 1, 20.
The wrath of God was satisfied through His suffering and death. And by
the
resurrection of Christ this peace is sealed to all believers. We have
peace with
God through our Lord Jesus Christ. Strange to say, this sudden
appearance of
Christ under such unusual circumstances filled the disciples with the
greatest
fear and terror. Whereas a few minutes ago they had mutually
congratulated
themselves that He was risen indeed, they now had the idea that they
were
looking upon a ghost. Jesus therefore rebukes them kindly, but
earnestly for
their unbelief. They should not be so utterly disturbed, nor should
thoughts of
such a nature arise in their hearts. He invited them to look closely at
His
hands and feet, with the marks of His crucifixion plainly showing. And
if the
evidence of one sense did not suffice, they should take their fingers
and pass
over His body and convince themselves that there was no ghost before
them, but
their old true Friend and Master. That same Jesus of Nazareth that was
born of
the Virgin Mary, that suffered under Pontius Pilate, that was crucified
and
died, He stood before them. This Christ is also in the state of
exaltation true
man according to body and soul, our flesh and blood, our Brother in all
eternity. Only His is a glorified body. In and with this body He is our
Savior
and Redeemer, as the nail-wounds in His hands and feet showed. And this
is
incidentally our guarantee that He will change our vile body that it
may be
fashioned like unto His glorious body; Phil. 3, 21. But with spiritism
this
appearance had nothing whatever to do. “Therefore we should know that
all
false ghosts and visions that permit themselves to be seen and heard,
especially
with rattling and blustering, are not the souls of men, but certainly
devils,
that thus have their sport, in order either to deceive people with
false
pretense and lies, or to terrorize and plague them in vain. ...This I
say that
we may be sensible and not let ourselves be deceived with respect to
such frauds
and lies, as the devil till now has deceived and fooled, under the name
of
spirits, even fine people.” 104)
Further
proof of the Risen Savior's reality: V. 41. And while they yet
believed not
for joy, and wondered, He said unto them, Have ye here any meat? V. 42.
And they
gave Him a piece of a broiled fish, and of an honeycomb. V. 43. And He
took it
and did eat before them. V. 44. And He said unto them, These are the
words which
I spake unto you while I was yet with you, that all things must be
fulfilled
which were written in the law of Moses, and in the prophets, and in the
Psalms,
concerning Me. V. 45. Then opened He their understanding, that they
might
understand the Scriptures, V. 46. and said unto them, Thus it is
written, and
thus it behooved Christ to suffer, and to rise from the dead the third
day; V.
47. and that repentance and remission of sins should be preached in His
name
among all nations, beginning at Jerusalem. V. 48. And ye are witnesses
of these
things. V. 49. And, behold, I send the promise of My Father upon you;
but tarry
ye in the city of Jerusalem until ye be endued with power from on high.
Unbelievers from joy: lifted out of the depths of despair, doubt,
suspicion, and
fear to the very pinnacle of glorious assurance, the reaction proves
too much
for the weakness of the disciples. They stood there huddled together in
wonder
and amazement, not knowing whether they dared credit the evidence of
their
senses or not. Just as a great light which suddenly bursts upon a
person in the
depths of a dark dungeon blinds him for some time, makes him unable to
use his
eyes, so it was with the disciples at this time. And therefore Jesus
makes use
of all patient kindness toward them, giving them time, above all, to
get their
bearings, and to let the truth gradually penetrate into their
understanding. He
asked them whether they had anything eatable at hand, and they brought
Him a
piece of cooked or broiled fish and of a honeycomb. The fact of His
eating
before them restored the former sense
of nearness to them, and they were now ready to listen to Him. Jesus
now
repeated the sermon of the afternoon, telling them that His suffering
and death
was in full accord with the words that He had told them while He was
with them,
while the old relation obtained between them. Not once, but repeatedly
He had
pointed to the nearness of His Passion, emphasizing incidentally that
this was
taking place in fulfillment of the Old Testament prophecies, which were
to be
found not only in the books of Moses, but also in those of the prophets
and in
the Psalms. The entire Old Testament points forward to the work of
Jesus in the
redemption of the world. And Jesus was not satisfied with a general
statement,
but proceeded to open up their mind and understanding, thus enabling
them to get
the meaning of Scriptures. Once more He emphasized the necessity of the
Passion
and of the resurrection in accordance with the Scriptures. They had had
some
idea of the light before, they had believed the Scriptures to be the
true Word
of God, and they knew that the Messiah was therein promised; but they
now
learned to apply the Scriptures to their Lord and Master, they
understood the
work of the Messiah; they made the proper application of the words of
the Old
Testament to the facts before them. And that was only the first part of
the
Messiah's office, that was His personal activity by which He procured
redemption
for all men. This salvation must now also be brought to men by means of
the
preaching of repentance and remission of sins. First must come the
acknowledgment, the free and full confession of sins; then comes the
full and
free forgiveness of sins. And this preaching should be done, by God's
will and
according to His prophecy, among all nations. Beginning at Jerusalem
indeed, in
the midst of God's chosen people, but going out from there, the
preaching of the
Gospel should reach all nations, it should cover the earth. To bear
witness to
these facts, to testify of the things that they had seen and heard,
that was the
special office with which He entrusted them. The death and resurrection
of Jesus
Christ are the basis of all Christian preaching; without these topics
as a
foundation there can be no real Gospel proclamation. But this ministry,
which
was thus once more solemnly given into their care, cannot be carried on
properly
in, a man's own strength; and this was true above all in those early
days of
Gospel-teaching. For that reason Jesus gives the apostles the assurance
that He
will send the promise of the Father upon them, that He will carry out
the
prophecies which expressly refer to the sending of the Spirit, Is. 44,
1; Joel
2, 28. But until that time would come, until the special pouring out of
the
Spirit upon them would take place, they should quietly and patiently
remain at
Jerusalem. For they would surely be clothed, be invested, with power
from on
high. They would receive strength in such unusual measure that they
could and
should wear it like an armor in doing the Lord's will and in waging His
battles.
It is a consolation which should serve for the comfort also of the
faithful
preachers of the Gospel in our days. The Spirit is in the Word which
they
proclaim, and that Spirit will both give them strength and exert His
power
through the Word.
The
ascension: V. 50. And He led them out as far as to Bethany. And He
lifted up
His hands and blessed them. V. 51. And it came to pass, while He
blessed them,
He was parted from them, and carried up into heaven. V. 52. And they
worshiped
Him, and returned to Jerusalem with great joy; V. 53. and were
continually in
the Temple, praising and blessing God. Amen. Luke here, in
concluding his
gospel, summarizes, giving a brief account of the ascension which took
place
forty days later. On that day the Lord, having assembled His disciples
for the
last time, led them out to Mount Olivet, until they were over against,
in plain
view of, Bethany. The place of the ascension was probably near the
summit of the
mount, on the southeastern slope. Here, for the last time in visible
form, the
Lord lifted up His hands over His disciples to bless them. But while He
was
still in the act of blessing them, He was separated from them, slowly
rising up
into the air before their astonished gaze. Thus He ascended to heaven.
But the
disciples did not grieve on account of the removal of His visible
presence from
their midst. Having worshiped Him as their Lord and God, they returned
to
Jerusalem full of joy, the joy of men convinced that their Lord was
truly risen
from the dead and had been taken up into glory. And therefore they were
continually, so long as the Temple was open for worshipers, in some
part of that
great building, probably in some of the halls, praising and blessing
God for all
the manifestations of His mercy and love which they had experienced,
and knowing
that great events were impending in connection with the promise of the
Spirit.
Thus the believers in Christ, by placing their trust in the promises of
their
Master, are able at all times to have hearts filled with a joy that
surpasses
the understanding of the children of this world. The visible presence
of the
Lord is removed, but He is still present with them that are His with
His good
gifts in the Word and with His Spirit, Matt. 18, 20; 28, 20.
Summary. The resurrection of Jesus, testified to by the open grave and by the word of angels, is not believed by the apostles, but Jesus appears to the Emmaus disciples and then to the eleven apostles, convincing them of His having risen from the dead, commissioning them to be His ministers for the preaching of the Gospel, and finally ascending before them from the Mount of Olives.