JOHN CHAPTER
4.
VIEW
FOOTNOTES
Christ
and the Woman of Samaria. John 4, 1-42.
On
the way to Galilee: V. 1. When therefore the Lord knew how the
Pharisees had
heard that Jesus made and baptized more disciples than John, V. 2.
(though Jesus
Himself baptized not, but His disciples,) V. 3. He left Judea, and
departed
again into Galilee. V. 4. And He must needs go through Samaria. V. 5.
Then
cometh He to a city of Samaria which is called Sychar, near to the
parcel of
ground that Jacob gave to his son Joseph. V. 6. Now Jacob's well was
there.
Jesus, therefore, being wearied with His journey, sat thus on the well;
and it
was about the sixth hour. Even at this early day the Pharisees were
watching
the activities of the Lord with jealous eyes. His growing popularity
gave them
much uneasiness. And there was a disquieting factor also for Jesus in
the
situation. The testimony of John and His own teaching had their effect
in
bringing an ever-increasing multitude to His baptism, which He,
however, did not
administer in person, but through His disciples. While there was not
the
slightest intimation of unpleasantness on the part of John the Baptist,
there
was still the danger of invidious comparisons, and Jesus apparently had
no
intention of interfering with the ministry of John at this time or
ever. But the
Pharisees, as Jesus found out, had heard the news that He was making more converts
than John. These self-righteous hypocrites were declared opponents of
the truth
and therefore also of John, the teacher of truth. Should they therefore
hear
that the baptizing of Jesus was having such extraordinary success, they
might be
constrained to assume that Jesus was acting in opposition to John. This
result
Jesus wanted to avoid, and therefore, with a fine tact, which deserves
wide
imitation, He left Judea and set out for Galilee. He was not so
sensitive about
contamination from contact with Samaritans as many Jews were, who, for
that
reason, usually took the road on the other side of the Jordan when
traveling to
Galilee. Jesus took the shortest route, and thus was obliged to travel
through
Samaria, the country between Judea and Galilee. Samaria took its name
from the
city Samaria, or Shomron, 1 Kings 16, 24. When Shalmaneser, in 722
B.C., carried
Israel away into Assyria, a small number of the inhabitants remained in
the
country. To these were added heathen from Mesopotamia, and the result
was a
mixed population, in whose midst Jehovah was still nominally adored,
but who
also worshiped the gods of the heathen. When the Jews returned from
their
captivity, the Samaritans made an attempt to join them, and when this
effort
proved unsuccessful, they built a temple on Mount Gerizim. Their
religion, in
which they accepted only the Pentateuch as the inspired Word of God,
was a
strange mixture of Judaism and paganism. The territory of Samaria at
the time of
Christ was included in the tetrarchy of Archelaus and was under the
procurator
Pontius Pilate. On the north and east was the country of Herod Antipas,
Galilee
and Perea.
On
His journey north with His disciples, Jesus came to the little city of
Sychar,
which was located almost in the center of Samaria. Near this town there
was a
piece of land which the patriarch Jacob had given to his son Joseph in
addition
to his share of the country, Gen. 48, 22. It was on this piece of land
that
Joseph was buried. And here was also a well or cistern which Jacob had
dug after
his return from Mesopotamia. The well, which is now known as Jacob's
Well, is
within ten minutes walk of the present village of Askar. It is about a
hundred
feet deep and is protected by a wall and a coping. Jesus, being a true
man, had
become very tired literally, tired out — by the long journey of the
morning;
for it was now high noon. So He sat down at the well, either on the
low wall
which served as a railing, or on one of the steps leading to the
water's edge.
The
beginning of the conversation: V. 7. There cometh a woman of
Samaria to draw
water. Jesus saith unto her, Give Me to drink. V. 8. (For His disciples
were
gone away unto the city to buy meat.) V. 9. Then saith the woman of
Samaria unto
Him, How is it that Thou, being a Jew, askest drink of me, which am a
woman of
Samaria? For the Jews have no dealings with the Samaritans. V. 10.
Jesus
answered and said unto her, If thou knewest the gift of God, and who it
is that
saith to thee, Give Me to drink, thou wouldest have asked of
Him, and He
would have given thee living water. While Jesus was sitting there,
exhausted, hungry, and thirsty, there came a Samaritan woman out of the
city to
draw water from the well, the work of the Oriental women to this day.
Here was
an opportunity to do work in the interest of saving a soul, and Jesus
took good
care to make use of the chance. He deliberately began a conversation
with the
woman, by asking her for a drink of water. Time and occasion were
auspicious,
since they were undisturbed, the disciples, as the evangelist notes,
having gone to the city to buy food for the little company. The woman was
surprised
at the request of Jesus. In her astonishment she asks how it came about
that He,
of whom she could tell that He was a Jew, yet asked this favor of her
who was a
Samaritan. The evangelist explains this by saying that there was no
communication between Jews and Samaritans, the hostility going so far
as to
exclude even all courtesies by the way. Cp. Luke 9, 53. But Jesus has
no time
for racial prejudices when there is a chance to speak of the heavenly
wisdom.
Instead of being surprised at the question, the woman should have
turned right
around and, on her own part, made a request. If she had any idea of the
fact
that the gift of God in the person and work of Jesus is free for all
men; if she
had an inkling of the beauty and glory of that gift; if she were aware
of the
identity of Him that had spoken to her, she would waste no time in
idle.
questions as to proprieties. She would have begged Him at once most
urgently and
eagerly, and He could and would have given her living water. Jesus here
testifies of Himself, of His own person. Living water, in the spiritual
sense,
from Him, the fountain of life, a water to refresh the soul, a water
that gives
life. Christ's Word and His salvation, which are given freely according
to the
grace and mercy of God, were here offered to the woman of Samaria.
Incidentally,
Jesus challenged the curiosity of the woman by emphasizing living
water. The
pool before them was probably rainwater, gathered here from the
surrounding
hills. But the water which He had in mind was far from being stagnant:
it had
life and strength in fulness.
The explanation of the living water: V. 11. The woman saith unto Him, Sir, Thou hast nothing to draw with, and the well is deep; from whence, then, hast Thou that living water? V. 12. Art Thou greater than our father Jacob, which gave us the well, and drank thereof himself, and his children, and his cattle? V. 13. Jesus answered and said unto her, Whosoever drinketh of this water shall thirst again; V. 14. but whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst; but the water that I shall give him shall be in him a well of water springing up into everlasting life. V. 15. The woman saith unto Him, Sir, give me this water, that I thirst not, neither come hither to draw. The Lord had gained His first object; He had awakened the curiosity of the woman; He could now expect to draw her out. The dignity of His speech and bearing caused her to address Him as Lord, but her answer showed that she was very skeptical about His ability to perform what He had promised. He had no vessel to draw water with, and the cistern or well was too deep for Him to get water without the aid of such a vessel; how could He, then, produce water, and living water, that is, water from a spring, at that? In this way, the woman understood His words as referring to physical, earthly water only. If Jesus could give her living water at this place, that is her argument, then He must be greater and mightier than Jacob, whom the Samaritans also, having Israelitish blood in them, regarded as their forefather. Jacob had done much for them in providing this well, out of which he himself had drunk, and his children, and his cattle. If Jesus could give the Samaritans better water than that of this well, then He must be a greater, mightier man. The understanding of the woman was altogether carnal. Jesus therefore tries to open her understanding by an explanation. Every person that drank of the water of that well would become thirsty again. The physical thirst of a person may be quenched for a little while by a drink of water. But the water to which He is referring is not that which is drunk with the mouth. It is of a nature that it quenches one peculiar thirst forever. In all eternity such a person will never be bothered by thirst again; for the water which He proposes to give will become in him that drinks of it a fountain of water bubbling up into eternal life. His gift is living water with the power to produce life and to keep bubbling with life and strength, and thus daily producing new power, enabling the possessor to gain eternal life. All the thirst, all desire and longing of people, is satisfied forever by this water; for that is His salvation, which He has brought and proclaimed. That alone can fully satisfy the heart. The salvation which Christ gives works a new, a spiritual life, and this life is fully realized and completed in eternity. The Lord's purpose to arouse interest, to stimulate desire for this wonderful water, was successful, though the woman did not yet understand what He was referring to. Her one concern is that she may be saved the trouble of coming out here every day to draw water and then to carry it home the long distance. The two qualities of the Lord's water have attracted her: the fact that it quenches thirst forever; the fact that it bubbles up ever anew and needs no drawing.
A disconcerting request: V. 16. Jesus saith unto her, Go, call thy husband, and come hither. V. 17. The woman answered and said, I have no husband. Jesus said unto her, Thou hast well said, I have no husband; V. 18. for thou hast had five husbands, and he whom thou now hast is not thy husband; in that saidst thou truly. Jesus, throughout the conversation, showed the true missionary's skill. He had properly prepared the woman's mind to listen to Him as to one that might have a message worth listening to, and not mere idle talk to dispense. The next step is to bring her to an understanding of her sin, to a realization of its guilt. To this end Jesus tells the woman to call her husband, her legal spouse. He knew her heart, mind, and circumstances as well as she did, and better. The woman was struck by the question, but answered quite frankly: A husband I have not. This was a truthful answer, but did not go far enough. And therefore Jesus disposes of her doubtful meaning by emphasizing: Well hast thou said, A husband I have not. She had had five husbands, and had left them all in quick succession. The matter of divorces in Palestine at the time of the Lord was fast approaching the condition in which momentary likes or dislikes decided a woman's choice. This woman was now living with a man without the formality of a marriage ceremony, or at best in a common-law marriage. The Lord told her all this, by His omniscience, for the purpose of making her realize her sinfulness, of making her see the depth to which she had fallen. She must become fully conscious of her guilt against the Sixth Commandment and the entire Law before she would have the proper desire and longing for the riches of Christ's salvation. Note: It is always thus when the Lord converts a sinner. At first there are only a few faint sparks of penitence, which would be extinguished without the aid of the Holy Ghost. But then He deepens the consciousness of transgression and guilt, in order that the longing for salvation may be instilled by the sweet message of salvation, by the Gospel. Very often the real battle in the heart of a person begins only after the desire for salvation has been felt. Then Satan tries to drive the sinner into despair. It is then that grace must much more abound.
A
question as to true worship: V. 19. The woman saith unto Him, Sir,
I perceive
that Thou art a prophet. V. 20. Our fathers worshiped in this mountain;
and ye
say that in Jerusalem is the place where men ought to worship. V. 21.
Jesus
saith unto her, Woman, believe Me, the hour cometh when ye shall
neither in this
mountain nor yet at Jerusalem worship the Father. V. 22. Ye worship ye
know not
what; we know what we worship; for salvation is of the Jews. V. 23. But
the hour
cometh, and now is, when the true worshipers shall worship the Father
in spirit
and in truth; for the Father seeketh such to worship Him. V. 24. God is
a
spirit; and they that worship Him must worship Him in spirit and in
truth.
The revelation which Jesus had just made astonished and disconcerted
the woman.
She had probably never given the matter of her loose living a serious
thought,
since the marriage-tie at that time was considered anything but
binding. Yet
Christ's way of putting it in such a naked, unvarnished way struck her
conscience with peculiar force. Her words were therefore a confession
of guilt,
though veiled to some extent. She states, first of all, that she now
understood
and had the conviction; I see that a prophet Thou art. His knowledge of
her sins
compelled this admission; But she is sensitive upon the subject and
would rather
not go into details. Not that she was not conscious of guilt, for she
had
already shown some degree of longing for salvation. Her question rather
showed
how deeply she was moved. Since this man was a prophet with the Spirit
of
omniscience, he would surely be able to give the solution of the
standing
problem of Samaritan religion, one which had now been bothering them
for almost
six centuries. She wanted to know where the living God was to be found
and which
was the true worship. She knew that forgiveness was to be found only
with the
living God. It was the question of a serious seeker after truth. The
Samaritans
had for centuries worshiped their god, whom they also called Jehovah,
on Mount
Gerizim, which was situated near Shechem and Sychar. There had formerly
been a
fine temple on this mountain, which, however, the Jewish ruler Hyrcanus
had
destroyed in the year 125 B.C. Since that time the temple had not been
completely restored, the Samaritans being satisfied to worship in the
ruins.
But, on the other hand, as the woman correctly states, the Jews claimed
that
Jerusalem was the only place where people should worship, Ex. 20, 24;
Deut. 12,
5; Num. 9, 5; Deut. 16, 3. 6. Now she wanted to know who was right, the
Samaritans or the Jews. The Lord answers with one of the greatest and
most
far-reaching announcements of all times, earnestly inviting the woman,
at the
same time, to give full credence to His weighty words. The time was
coming, was
even now dawning, when the old earthly, outwardly visible forms of
worship would
no longer be reckoned as essential. Both places of the Old Testament
cultus,
that of Mount Gerizim and that of Jerusalem, would then be forsaken.
This took
place shortly after Christ's ascension. Then the apostles went out and
founded a
great many congregations, not only in Judea, but also in Samaria. Then
the
Samaritans that came to faith deserted Mount Gerizim and worshiped the
true God
in Jesus Christ the Savior. Incidentally, however, Jesus states that
there is a
difference, even now, though this difference lay not in the place, but
in the
object of worship. The Samaritan religionhad received so many additions
through
the influence of the heathen religions that the, God whom they still
designated
as Jehovah was in reality a figment of their imagination, just as the
gods are
which are worshiped by the lodges of the present day. He that rejects
any part
of the revelation of God will very shortly lose all light, all
understanding.
With the Jews it was different. They knew the true, living God. To the
Jews God
had revealed Himself not only in the Law, in the five Books of Moses,
but also
in the prophecies. All the books of. the Old Testament were read and
explained
in the synagogs, and the true Israelites, accordingly, worshiped the
true God.
The services in Jerusalem were still the right services, as commanded
by God.
And the reason for this mercy of God, the reason why He had permitted
them to
keep the right form of worship in Jerusalem, was because by His will
and
intention salvation was to come from the Jews. The Messiah Himself was
a Jew
according to the flesh. When salvation had come, when Christ had fully
earned
the salvation through suffering, death, and resurrection, then the
special time
of grace for Israel alone was at an end, then salvation was preached
throughout
the world. With the coming of Christ the hour of God had come in which
the
external worship of God at Jerusalem must give way to the true service
of God.
Then those that worship and pray in truth would pray to the Father in
spirit and
in truth. Jesus purposely calls the true God Father, for He is now the
Father of
all believers through the merits of the Savior, His Son. All true
believers call
upon that God whom they know as their merciful Father, who is
reconciled to them
through the blood of Christ. The New Testament worship is not dependent
upon
external forms, sacrifices of animals, prescribed forms of altars and
appointments, etc., but is done in the spirit; it depends upon the
condition of
heart and mind. And it is done in truth, it is the only true, stable,
sound
method of worshiping. The Father is anxious to have such people as
worship and
serve Him in this manner, as give Him evidence of the religion of
Christ in
their hearts, for He Himself is a spirit. God is an invisible being,
with reason
and will, with selfconsciousness and power; He is a personal God. And
in
accordance with His person He wants to be worshiped in spirit and in
truth. He
that will worship God properly must direct his spirit, heart, mind,
thoughts to
Him, must deal with Him and speak with Him as one person with another.
That
intimate personal intercourse, without any intervening priesthood, that
direct
dealing of the believer with his heavenly Father, is a characteristic
of the New
Testament worship. Only believers can therefore truly pray. Such as
have no
knowledge of, and no belief in, the reconciliation of mankind through
the blood
of Jesus have no communication with God. Note: We have in these words
of Jesus a
glorious revelation concerning the true God as
the Father of the believers through the reconciliation made by His Son.
Through
such messages the Lord intends to awaken and strengthen faith in the
hearts of
all men and trust in God as their true Father.
Belief
and missionary effort: V. 25. The woman saith unto Him, I know that
Messias
cometh, which is called Christ; when He is come, He will tell us all
things. V.
26. Jesus saith unto her, I that speak unto thee am He. V. 27. And upon
this
came His disciples, and marveled that He talked with the woman; yet no
man said,
What seekest Thou? or, Why talkest Thou with her? V. 28. The woman then
left her
water-pot, and went her way into the city, and saith to the men, V. 29.
Come,
see a man which told me all things that ever I did; is not this the
Christ? V.
30. Then they went out of the city and came unto Him. The woman had
listened
to Jesus with increasing understanding, not unmixed, however, with some
measure
of bewilderment over the depth of wisdom which lay in the words of
Jesus. But
the drift of the Lord's speech seemed to be that the time of Messianic
glory was
about to be revealed. Now the Samaritans had some dim and uncertain
idea of the
promised Messiah out of the Pentateuch. And the woman now voices her
hope in
this Messiah, who is called the Christ; with His coming, she knows, all
type,
symbol, and prophecy would be at an end, for He would bring them a full
and
complete message, clear and unmistakable to their understanding,
without type
and external worship. Jesus now revealed Himself to the woman in a few
simple
words: I am He, the man that is speaking with thee. Jesus is the one
Savior that
can and will give to all men the full Gospel of salvation; He is the
Savior of
the world. There was no danger in this announcement of the Lord in
Samaria; for,
unlike the Jews, the Samaritans did not regard the promised Messiah as
a king
who was to inaugurate political changes, but as a prophet and teacher
who would
give them the full revelation of God's Word and will. But the plain
words of
Jesus had taught the woman the true meaning of the Messiah, and she,
the sinner,
believed Him to be the Savior of sinners. Just as Jesus had revealed
Himself to
the woman, His disciples returned from the city with the food that they
had
bought. The fact that Jesus was speaking with a Samaritan woman caused
them to
wonder as to the reason for this unconventional behavior. And yet none
of them
inquired as to His object in speaking with her or as to the subject of
the
conversation. They had learned so much that they must not interfere
with His
methods. But the woman, now that the interruption had taken place,
forgot the
object of her coming to the well. She was so excited over the
revelation she had
received and so anxious to tell her news in the city that she left her
vessel
standing at the well and hurried cityward. The faith which had just
been kindled
in her heart yearned for expression, it constrained her to become a
missionary
for the Lord. She went away to the city, where at this time of day
there was an
intermission in labor, and where groups of men could easily be found.
Her
missionary call was: Come and see! Cp. chap. 1, 46. And she based her
invitation
upon the fact that Christ had uncovered her past to her. Her saying was
not an
unconscious declaration of her sin. It was a humble confession of sin,
combined
with a free confession of her belief in Jesus as the Messiah. The
people of the
city should come and see for themselves whether this was not the
Christ. She is
sure that they will gain the same conviction which she has gotten from
her
interview. Note: That is always the first fruit, the first result, of
conversion, that a person acknowledges himself to be a poor sinner and
confesses
Jesus, his Savior. The woman's announcement was not without results:
the men
left the city and came to Jesus. A missionary may not have the quick
success
which the woman here was pleased to see, but the word of confession
concerning
the Savior, the proclamation of the Gospel, is never without fruit; it
will not
return to the Lord void.
The
harvest in the kingdom of God: V. 31. In the mean while His
disciples prayed
Him, saying, Master, eat. V. 32. But He said unto them, I have meat to
eat that
ye know not of. V. 33. Therefore said the disciples one to another,
Hath any man
brought Him aught to eat? V. 34. Jesus saith unto them, My meat is to
do the
will of Him that sent Me, and to finish His work. V. 35. Say not ye,
There are
yet four months, and then cometh harvest? Behold, I say unto you, Lift
up your
eyes, and look on the fields; for they are white already to harvest. V.
36. And
he that reapeth receiveth wages and gathereth fruit unto life eternal,
that both
he that soweth and he that reapeth may rejoice together. V. 37. And
herein is
that saying true, One soweth, and another reapeth. V. 38. I sent you to
reap
that whereon ye bestowed no labor; other men labored, and ye are
entered into
their labors. In the mean time, between the woman's leaving the
well and the
men's coming from the city, a little incident took place at the well
which gave
Jesus an opportunity to impart to His disciples some very necessary
instruction.
The disciples having brought food, they begged their Master to eat, and
thus to
renew His strength after the exertions of the morning. As true man,
Jesus not
only became tired and exhausted at times, but He ordinarily was obliged
to
partake of food to sustain His life. But here He had apparently
forgotten all
about His fatigue. He tells the disciples that He has food to eat of
which they
know nothing. The Lord made use of every possible chance to raise the
minds of
the apostles to heavenly things through the medium of earthly matters.
But the
disciples, with the usual carnal understanding which they exhibited,
thought
only of earthly food and of the possibility of some one's having
brought Him
something to eat in their absence. In this sense they discussed the
matter among
themselves. Jesus, therefore, explains to them wherein His food
consists. That
is food and drink, complete sustenance to Him, if He does the will of
His Father
that sent Him, and completes His work. Jesus is sustained by the
feeling which
He has concerning the world's need of salvation. It was the Father's,
the entire
Godhead's, will from eternity that this salvation should be gained for
fallen
mankind, and Jesus wanted to carry out the work imposed upon Him by
that counsel
of the God-head. Jesus tries to make His meaning clear to His disciples
by an
illustration taken from facts before their eyes. Jesus had gone to
Judea in
April for the festival of the Passover. About nine months He had spent
in the
southern province. It was now about December, four months before the
beginning
of harvest. The disciples should pay much closer attention to the
spiritual
harvest. Lifting up their eyes, they could see the men of the city
coming to
seek Jesus. Here was a field white for harvest. The Samaritans were
ready for
the message of the Gospel unto their salvation, the harvest of their
souls could
soon be gathered in. They were the firstlings out of the great mass of
the
heathen. That they turned to Jesus was a sign that the great harvest
among the
heathen of the world was at hand. And this fact was of great importance
to the
disciples, who were supposed to be reapers in this great harvest of
souls for
the kingdom of God. He that gathers the harvest, by doing so gets his
reward;
and in the spiritual kingdom the reaper, the messenger of salvation,
gathers
fruit unto life eternal. In the great harvest festival, therefore,
which will be
held in heaven, both the sower and the reaper will rejoice together.
Cp. 1 Cor.
3, 6—8. In the case of the Samaritans, the disciples, as reapers,
almost trod
on the heels of the great Sower, Jesus. In general, it is a great truth
that
finds its application in the kingdom of Christ: One man has the joy of
sowing,
another that of reaping. Jesus Himself had done the work of a sower in
Judea,
and the disciples had had the joy of baptizing many that were convinced
by the
Word of the Master. It is a truth which always holds true in the
preaching of
the Gospel. One pastor sows the seed of the Word, the older generation
of people
work to bring the Gospel to others, and, as a rule, they see but little
of the
results. But in later years, after the preliminary work has achieved
its object,
the successors reap the results in wonderful measure.
Faith
as personal conviction: V. 39. And many of the Samaritans of that
city
believed on Him for the saying of the woman, which testified, He told
me all
that ever I did. V. 40. So when the Samaritans were come unto Him, they
besought
Him that He would tarry with them; and He abode there two days. V. 41.
And many
more believed because of His own word; V. 42. and said unto the woman,
Now we
believe, not because of thy saying; for we have heard Him ourselves,
and know
that this is indeed the Christ, the Savior of the world. The woman
did her
missionary work well. She spoke with such earnestness and conviction
that she
persuaded many of the people of the city. Their faith was the result of
the
woman's testimony, even before they saw and heard Jesus Himself. If we
only,
individually and collectively, see to it that the Gospel is proclaimed
throughout the world, we may rest assured in advance that the blessing
of God
will attend our efforts, and that there will always be some that will
come to
faith and acknowledge Jesus as their Redeemer. And the testimony of the
woman
caused also the petition of the Samaritans that the Lord should stay
with them.
For two days they were privileged to have the Savior in their midst. He
taught
these souls that were hungry for salvation; He gave them the
information which
they needed concerning His person and work. And the harvest was rich
and
plentiful. A great many more were gained through the preaching of
Jesus, who
frankly told the woman that they no longer believed on account of her
narrative.
They themselves had heard the words of eternal grace, they had the firm
knowledge and conviction that this man was not a mere teacher or
prophet, but
that He was truly the Christ, the Savior of the world. That is the
simple, but
unshakable certainty of Christian faith. That is the right faith, that
we do not
only believe to be true what we hear in regard to the wonderful
spiritual
experiences of others, but that we have the personal conviction
regarding Jesus
that He is our Savior.
The
Healing of the Nobleman's Son. John 4, 43-54.
The
passing into Galilee: V. 43. Now after two days He departed thence,
and went
into Galilee. V. 44. For Jesus Himself testified that a prophet hath no
honor in
his own country. V. 45. Then, when He was come into Galilee, the
Galileans
received Him, having seen all the things that He did at Jerusalem at
the feast;
for they also went unto the feast. Jesus was constrained by the
earnest
prayers of the Samaritans to spend two days in their midst. But after
that He
continued His interrupted journey. He wanted to reach Galilee as soon
as
possible, an intention which He supported with a proverb: A prophet in
his own
fatherland has no honor. It was either that He referred to Judea, where
His
birthplace was situated, and where He had done His first public work,
but where
the Pharisees were even then showing their hostile attitude more
strongly every
day; or He had Galilee in mind, for there was situated Nazareth, His
home town,
and there was little danger of His being too highly honored and of
gaining a
popularity which would result in a collision with the Pharisees. But
His
reception in Galilee left little to be desired. Many Galileans had been
at the
last Passover festival and had witnessed the wonderful things which
Jesus had
done at that time, and they were very glad to have this prophet in
their midst.
As one commentator has it, they received Him on account of His fame in
Jerusalem, the metropolis, which set them the fashion in their estimate
of men
and things. But it was not a longing for the Savior of sinners that
actuated
them at this time, but merely a curiosity to see and hear more of this
great
countryman of theirs that had dared to purge the Temple in the very
presence of
the mighty of the nation.
The
nobleman's plea: V. 46. So Jesus came again into Cana of Galilee,
where He
made the water wine. And there was a certain nobleman, whose son was
sick at
Capernaum. V. 47. When he beard that Jesus was come out of Judea into
Galilee,
he went unto Him, and besought Him that He would come down and heal his
son; for
he was at the point of death. V. 48. Then said Jesus unto him, Except
ye see
signs and wonders, ye will not believe. V. 49. The nobleman saith unto
Him, Sir,
come down ere my child die. V. 50. Jesus saith unto him, Go thy way;
thy son
liveth. And the man believed the word that Jesus had spoken unto him,
and he
went his way. The first stopping-place of Jesus in Galilee was
Cana, where
He had performed His first miracle, now almost a year ago. Undoubtedly,
the
young married couple whose wedding-feast He had honored by His presence
and by
His miraculous gift was delighted to have Him visit them once more. But
while He
was still in this little town, Jesus received a visitor from the
lowlands, from
Capernaum, an officer of Herod Antipas, the tetrarch of Galilee. This
Herod was
the son of Herod the Great, who had received the title of king from the
Roman
senate, an honor which the son likewise hoped to obtain. This officer
had heard
that Jesus had returned from Judea, and immediately set out for Cana,
where he
went to Jesus and begged Him to come down from the mountainous section,
where
Cana was situated, to the lowlands of the Sea of Galilee, where
Capernaum was
located. He considered the presence of Jesus absolutely necessary for
the cure
of his son, who was about to die, who lay at the point of death. The
Lord gave
the man an answer which purposely sounded harsh: If signs and wonders
you do not
see, you will not believe. Jesus had been performing miracles, deeds
which were
outside of the usual course of nature, which often contradicted and set
aside
the laws of nature. And these wonders were also signs, they indicated
beyond
doubt the divine power, the omnipotence of His person. If faith is
based only
upon evidence of external help, upon signs and wonders, it has no sound
basis.
Not as a Worker of miracles, but as the Prophet of truth Jesus wanted
to be
accepted. "How can this be made to agree? Thus, as I said before. For
faith
and firm confidence brings the nobleman to Christ; how, then, does He
say: You
believe not unless you see signs? But, as I have said, He wants to show
the man
that his faith is not yet strong enough; for he still clings to seeing
and
feeling the presence of Christ."26) Note: That cannot be accepted as
true
faith, if a person wants to believe only because of signs, and refuses
to
believe if no miracle is in evidence. If a Christian says: Unless God
will help
in my present trouble, I shall not believe, he proves that his
so-called faith
is a matter of imagination. The nobleman in this case received the
reproof of
Christ's words meekly, but he was not deterred from his purpose. His
faith was
gaining strength, he was not so easily diverted and discouraged. He
repeated his
prayer for the Lord to come down lest his boy die meanwhile. But he is
still
wrong, inasmuch as he persists in the idea that it is necessary for
Jesus to be
present in person to perform the healing. He had as yet no knowledge of
the
omnipotent power of the Lord, which is not bound by place and time. But
Jesus,
in recognition of a faith which, though weak, was yet sound, bade the
father
return to Capernaum. His son lives, and will live. Christ did not go
with him.
His cures are independent of His bodily presence and of any material
media. And
now the man believed the word of Jesus. "His first immature faith has
grown
into something better....On Christ's word he departs home, believing he
will
find his son healed." 27) Although he saw nothing of that which Jesus
had
told him, the officer was fully satisfied with what he had heard. That
is always
true advance in faith, when a person believes the simple Word of God,
even if
there is not the slightest evidence of fulfillment of the promises.
"Therefore I have said that all else must be rejected, and one must
cling
to the Word alone; if we have taken hold of that, then let world,
death, sin,
hell, and all misfortune rage and storm. But if you give up the Word,
then you
are bound for destruction." 28)
Faith
vindicated: V. 51. And as he was now going down, his servants met
him, and
told him, saying, Thy son liveth. V. 52. Then enquired he of them the
hour when
he began to amend. And they said unto him, Yesterday at the seventh
hour the
fever left him. V. 53. So the father knew that it was at the same hour
in the
which Jesus said unto him, Thy son liveth; and himself believed and his
whole
house. V. 54. This is again the second miracle that Jesus did when He
was come
out of Judea into Galilee. The officer did not reach home that
evening any
more. But early the next morning he was met by some of his servants
with the
joyful news that his son was alive and doing well. It is a fine
testimony for
this master that his servants thought so much of him as to set out with
their
glad tidings at once. The careful official now insisted upon finding
out the
exact hour when the sickness had receded from his son and left him
well. And
when they told him that it had been on the day before, at one o'clock
in the
afternoon, he knew that it was at just that time that Jesus had spoken
the words
of reassurance. So he experienced the truth of Christ's words, he found
out that
God keeps His promises. And therefore he himself was confirmed in his
faith,
greatly strengthened. And his family and servants, to whom he brought
the
glorious news of the manner of the cure, rejoiced and believed with
him. Thus
the nobleman's faith progressed from weakness to strength, from
trusting in
external. visible evidence to believing in the Word only, as is the
manner of
faith the world over. "Thus the Lord God deals also with us, in order
to
make us more perfect and place us into a higher station. If we pass
through such
experiences, then we gain knowledge and become sure of our faith." 29)
This
miracle Jesus performed as the second in Galilee after He had come from
Judea.
The time of the full ministry of miracles in Galilee was still in the
future.
Summary. Jesus has a long conversation with the woman of Samaria, through which He works faith in her heart and willingness to do missionary work for Him,. He then passes on into Galilee and heals the son of the nobleman of Capernaum.